Continued decrease in water volume in Amu river due to Climate Change and Human Activities

This river is one of the few famous rivers of Central Asia. Many historical events are connected with this river. This river covers a very wide area. Large scale agriculture and economy are connected with this river. Although this river passes through many countries. Almost all the people living on the banks of this river understand each other's languages. This is the reason why people say that this river is also related to civilization and culture. This river is formed by the confluence of two rivers. The name of one river is Panj and the other is Vaksh. The confluence of these two rivers takes place in the Central Asian country of Tajikistan. Additional water in this river comes from the melting of glaciers in the Pamir mountains. The mountains of Pamir are situated to the north of the hindu kush mountain range. This river flows through four Central Asian countries and finally empties into the Aral Sea. These four countries are Tajikistan, Afghanistan , Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan respectively. The Aral Sea lies between Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan. The length of this river is about 24 hundred kilometers. It is one of the longest rivers in the region. This river passes through many mountains, cities, deserts and valleys. When snowmelt increases in the Pamir Mountains in the summer. Due to the melting of snow in summer, there will be a significant increase in the water level of the river. There were people living on the banks of this river around 2400 BC. As this river passes through mountains, valleys and deserts. So much wildlife depends on this river. Many birds breed in the valleys on the banks of this river. So there is a lot of aquatic life in this river. Cities near or between which this river passes. Due to the citizens of the same city, the aquatic life has been affected in this river.

(1) Dependence of forests on Amu river.

This river passes through many forests. Due to its long length, this river passes through different climatic zones. Refers to different areas such as wild plains deserts and mountainous areas. Each region has different types of plants. For this reason, many plants of different species are found in the areas through which this river passes. A large number of wild animals of different species are found in these forests. Migratory birds breed in the trees of these forestsA lot of aquatic life also live in this river.This river is the only source of survival for many animals and plants in the area.

(2) Dependence of Agriculture on Amu river.

Many dams have been built on this river. Large scale electricity is generated from these demos. The water from these dams is used for irrigation purposes. This river irrigates nearly six million hectares of land. This river longer accounts for a huge amount of agricultural production in these four countries.The countries in which the waters of this river flow. A lot of grains and vegetables are grown in the areas this river and there are lots of gardens too. In the areas along this river, people also raise cattle on a large scale. Many factories are run by the production of these cattle. Live stock products such as eggs, milk, meat and butter are included.Then different types of food items are prepared from these in the factories. After consuming their meat, their skins are sent to tannery industries. In general terms, it can be said that this river is responsible for the employment of nearly 30 million people in the world. And this river is also responsible for providing various food items to millions of people worldwide.

(4) Economics linked to Amu river

The Amu River provides irrigation water for about six million hectares of land. According to statistics, one hectares of land can provide employment to five people for 12 months a year. Two farmers are required to manage one hectare of land. A person is needed to manage livestock. Two people can work in the factory due to yield of one hectare of land. The Amu River provides employment to around 30 to 40 million people in the region.The four countries through which the Amu River passes are agricultural countries. This river supplies water to many forests. which lead to the production of many types of valuable timber. According to an estimate, this river accounts for an annual production of 18 to 20 billion US dollars.This amount can be even higher. Because there are many orchards on the banks of this river that produce high quality fruits.

(5) Problems related to Amu river.

With the passage of time as the population is increasing. With the passage of time, the temperature increases due to climate change. Glaciers are also melting at higher rates. Rainfall and snowfall are also not the same every year. Since 1998, the water of this river is gradually decreasing. Due to human activities this river has also had a huge impact.Over time, many dams have been built on this river. The places where dams have been built. The temporal requirements of these places are also met to an extent. The water flow in the post-dam areas is greatly reduced. Apart from this, many canals have been taken out from this river at different places. All these lead to the disturbance of what was a natural balance. Due to which many forests and wildlife have also been affected. Due to large-scale changes in water volume, biodiversity has also been affected in a big way.